Internal-combustion engine



Mmmm

A. N. yFRISEHE Apr. 3, 3923.

INTERNAL CoMBUsTIoN ENGINE Film1 May 7, 1920 2 sheets-sheet l l /rJ IME@ INVENTOR Apr. 3, w23. Mmmm A. N. FRI'SBIE I NTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE Patented Apr.. 3, 1923. f

ARTHUR n. FRIsBIE, F UTIGA, NEW YORK.

INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINE.

Application led May 7, 1920. Serial No. 379,593.

T0 @ZZ whom it may cou-cern.' lowing' detailed description is taken in Con- Be it known that I, ARTHUR N. F Rrsni, a nection with the accompanying drawings, citizen of the United States of America, rethe invention residing in the construction, siding at Utica, in the county of Oneida and combination and arrangement of parts as State of New York, have invented new and claimed.

useful Improvements in Internal-Combus- In the drawings forming part of this tion Engines, of which the following is a application like numerals of reference nspeciiication. l dicate similar parts in the several views' v This invention relates to internal coinbusand wherein l0 tion engines, and comprehends a construc- Figure 1 is a vertical sectional view 60 tion wherein the reciprocating piston is'holthrough one of `the cylinders of the motor low and closed at both ends, the piston beand its associated parts. ing movable with relation to one of its end Figure 2 is a transverse sectional view closures, and constituting a combined comtaken on line 2-2 of Figure 1. y. pression and iiring chamber. Figure 3 is a. view similar to Figure 1 65 One of the important objects of the intaken at right angles thereto. vention resides in the provision of a valve Figure et is a transverse sectional view for controlling the inlet opening through the taken on line 4 4 of Figure 3. cylinder, the valve being arranged to be Referring to the drawings in detail, 10 opened by the suction of the piston; thedis-Y indicates a cylinder having an opening in 70 position of the valve being such that it is the upper end thereof through which opennot subjected to the heat of the combustion, ing the cylinderl communicates with the carwhich fact allows the use of a valve of bur-eter, the opening being indicated atv11, larger diameter so that it is ,rendered very and controlled through the instrumentality sensitive to open with a minimum of presof a valve 12 having a stem 13 about which 75 sure reduction,A and closed with a minimum is arranged a spring 14 utilized for normally of pressure. holding the valve seated. The piston is in- Another object of importance resides in dica-ted atl, and is hollow as shown and the novel construction and arrangement of closed at both ends. The upper end of the parts, by means of which the explosive mixpiston is closed by an end wall 1G forming S0 ture is rapidly transferred from the cylinan integral part of the piston, but which end der to the piston under compression, and wall is arranged anappreciable distance bcthe products of combustion as a unit forced low the upper end of the piston 15 for a purfroni the piston through the exhaust port pose to be hereinafter described. The piston in a manner which results in a nearly per- 15 is provided with grooves 17 arrangedin 85 fect scavenging of the piston, with little or series above and below the end wall 16 Vfor no possibility of any of the combustible mixthe reception of suitable packing rings. The ture being mixed with the burned gases, or opposite end of the piston 15 is sealed by a. its escape through the exhaust port irrespecstationary closure 18 which is arranged tive o'f the speed of the motor.V within the piston and provided with grooves 90 In carrying out the invention, the station'- 19 for the reception of suitable packing ary closure for the lower end of the piston rings. The closure 18 is supported Yby is arranged within the latter, and its posibracketV arms 2O which are suitably secured tion regulates the compression space of the to the same base as that supporting the cylpiston, this closure being mounted for uniinder 10. The upper extremities ofthe arms 95 vrsal movement, o1" in other words in a 20 are suitably spaced and formed to promanner so that it automatically centerss vide bearings for a transverse pin 21 the within the piston. latter having its intermediate portion ar- The nature and advantages of the invenranged between the extremities of the arms 5U .tion will be better understood when the' fol- 20 and squared as at 22 and provided with 100 cylinder matically center or line itself within the piston 15.

The inner diameter of the cylinder 1() from the point 25 to the top thereof is of slightly increased diameter to provide within the space between the upper end of thc piston and the adjacent end of the cylinder, a compression chamber .A for the combustible mixture admitted to the cylinder 1() through the intake 11. Immediately beneath the end 16 of the piston, are transfer openings 26 circumferentially disposed and equidistantly spaced, these openings and the position of the parts shown in Figure 1 establishing communication between the compression chamber A of the cylinder 10 and he interior of the piston 15, which interior constitutes a combined compression and firing chamber B. The cylinder 1() is provided with an exhaust port 27 with which the exhaust port 28 of the piston is adapted to register when the piston is in its uppermost position within the cylinder 10. At the opposite side of the cylinder an opening 29 is provided for the reception of a spark plug 30. The exhaust port 27 of the cylinder 10 is arranged immediately above the stationary closure 18. The lower portion of the cylinder 10 is formed to provide diametrically opposed channels 31 to slidably receive the bearings 32 of the cross pin 38 which connects the piston with the connecting rod 34 associated with the crank shaft 35. Manifestly, the connecting rod 34 being associated with the crank shaft at its lower end, and to the piston 15 at is upper end through the medium of the pin 33, cannot change its position with relation to the cylinder and the closure 18 without causing a relative change of the latter.

In practice, assume that the parts are arranged as shown in Figure 1, with the piston 15 at the limit of its upstroke and about to start or move downwardly in the cylinder 10. J ust as soon as the piston 15 moves in a downward direction within the cylinder 10 the ports 26 are closed by the wall of the 10 and communication between the chambers A and B cut ofi". The combustible mixture within the chamber B is compressed during the downward movement of the piston' between the closure 16 and 18 respectively, and when the ports 26 are brought into registration with the openings 29 of the cylinders, ignition is so timed to create a spark and thus explode the combustible mixture within the piston 15. During the downward movement of the piston, the valve is open and combustible mixture drawn into the space within the cylinder 10 above the plate 16. lVhen the piston is driven forcibly in an upward direction within the cylinder 10, incident to the explosion, within the chamber B, the combustion mixture in the chamber A is duly compressed and the valve closed. Vhen the piston 15 travels the limit of its movement in an upward direction within the cylinder 10, the openings 26 in the piston not only establish communication between the compression chamber A and the chamber B, but the exhaust opening 28 of the piston is brought into alinement with the exhaust opening 27 of the cylinder. Consequently, when the combustible mixture under compression within the chamber A enters the piston B with considerable pressure, through the openings 26, the combustible mixture drives the burnt gases as a unit through the exhaust ports 27 and 28 respectively. As hereinabove pointed out, the valve 12 is not subjected to the heat of combustion, and ltherefore can be of exceptionally large cross sectional area, so that the valve is rendered very sensitive to open with a minimum pressure reduction so that the engine is highly efficient at either a high or low speed, this being due to the comparatively large opening 11 for the admittance of combustible mixture to the compression chamber A, combined with the large openings 26 and the high pressure that can be obtained within the chamber A. This arrangement permits a rapid transfer of the combustible mixture from the compression chamber A into the chamber B. The combustible mixture completely forces all of the burnt gases from the chamber B and ycylinder 10 in quick order, the parts being so timed in their movements that none of the combustible mixture is allowed to escape through the exhaust ports or mix with the burnt gases in any way.

While it is believed that from the foregoing description the nature and advantages of the invention will be readily apparent, I desire to have it understood that I do not limit myself to the details herein shown and described, as the same is merely illustrative of one embodiment of the invention, and that such changes may be resorted to when desired as fall within the scope of what is claimed.

An internal combustion engine comprising a cylinder, a hollow piston mounted for reciprocation within the said cylinder and having a closed end, a hollow closure arrangd within the said piston, and means for supporting the said closure whereby the latter will automatically center or line itself within the piston, said means including relatively spaced supporting arms fixed at their lower extremities to the base of the engine and having their upper extremities presenting bearings Within the said closure, a pin 5 journaied in said bearing, and a second pin arranged at right angles to the first mentioned pin having its ends journaled in bear- In testimony whereof I aihx my signature.

ARTHUR N. FRISBIE. 

